Recognizing Pain in Rodents

A rodent experiencing mild to moderate pain may display only subtle behavioral signs associated with its discomfort. Moderate to severe pain in rodents leads to more obvious changes in normal physiology and behavior. Accurate recognition of these changes requires that research personnel have some knowledge of normal behavior and physiology for the species they are using.

Signs Associated with Moderate to Severe Pain in Rodents

• Decreased activity or a reluctance to move
• Abnormal gait or posture
• Rough, greasy-looking coat
• Dark, red material around the eyes and nose in rats
• Decreased appetite
• Excessive licking or chewing of a body part or area
• Aggressiveness when handled
• Eating of bedding material

Signs of Pain Specifically Associated With Rodents After Abdominal Surgery

• Stretching and back arching
• Sudden, short muscle wall contractions in the flank area ("writhing')
• Abdominal pressing onto the cage floor
• Frequent, sudden short movements

An ARP veterinarian must be consulted if a research animal shows unexpected clinical signs suggestive of pain, illness, injury or distress. A veterinarian may be reached 24 hours a day by calling the Animal Resource Program office at 865-1495 (this phone number is posted in the animal facilities). If calling after hours, a recorded message will provide contact information. More information on recognizing and managing pain in rodents may be found on the ARP Web site.

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